What happens to the number of shares and share price during a forward stock split?

During a forward stock split, the total number of shares outstanding increases, and the share price decreases proportionately to maintain the overall market capitalization of the company. This action is typically taken to make shares more affordable and to increase liquidity by attracting more investors.

For instance, in a 2-for-1 forward stock split, if a shareholder previously owned 100 shares at $50 each, post-split, they would own 200 shares at $25 each. Even though the number of shares has doubled, the overall value of the investment remains the same at $5,000, because the stock price has halved. This is an important concept as it reflects how companies can manage their stock to make it more appealing without altering the underlying value of the company or the total investment of shareholders.